Route to Become an Actuary

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Route to Become an Actuary
The path to becoming an actuary involves going through a well-structured education plan. This involves university-level education and post-university examinations, as well as other requirements. Typical questions always raised by school leavers interested in actuarial science are what is the next step, and what’s up with the different societies/institutes? Currently, in ASM, we have many actuarial graduates in the midst of examinations from the major professional bodies stated below. Apart from passing the examinations, there are also practical experience requirements and residential courses to be attended. These ensure that actuaries are not only technically capable, but are also aware of other professional requirement such as Code of Conduct and ethical workplace behaviour. We hope the short description here would help school leaver to understand more of the different options they have. The road to being a qualified actuary is long, but incredibly rewarding!
Society of Actuaries – United States
Casualty Actuarial Society – United States
Institute of Actuaries / Faculty of Actuaries – United Kingdom
Institute of Actuaries of Australia

Society of Actuaries (SOA) – United States

1. Preliminary Education Component – Consists of five papers:

  • Exam P Probability (same as CAS Exam 1)
  • Exam FM Financial Mathematics (same as CAS Exam 2)
  • Exam MLC Actuarial Models – Life Contingencies Segment
  • Exam MFE Actuarial Models – Financial Economics Segment
    (completion of MLC and MLC will entitle candidate credit for CAS Exam 3)
  • Exam C Construction and Evaluation of Actuarial Models (same as CAS Exam 4)

2. Validation by Educational Experience (VEE)- Validation of these topics is required in addition to the four Preliminary Education examinations (P/1, FM/2, MCL, MFE and C/4). The SOA, CIA, and CAS have implemented VEE requirements for the following topics:

  • VEE–Applied Statistical Methods
  • VEE–Corporate Finance
  • VEE–Economics

The VEE topics are no longer tested on the preliminary exams. Candidates with credit for Course 2 earned prior to 2005 have been given credit for VEE-Economics and VEE-Corporate Finance topics.

Candidates with credit for Course 4 earned prior to 2005 have been given credit for VEE-Applied Statistical Methods.

NOTE: VEE topics are not prerequisites for the preliminary examinations. They need not be completed prior to writing any of the preliminary exams and may be fulfilled independently of the preliminary exam process.

Credit for VEE can be obtained through various courses completed from colleges or other education programs. Within Malaysia, candidates can gain credit via the following Universities:

  • Universiti Malaya
  • Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Universiti Tungku Abdul Rahman
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA

For information on courses in the U.S., click here.

3. Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice (FAP) – Web-based course comprising eight modules and two assessments:

Modules:

a) Module 1 – Introduction/The Role of the Professional Actuary
b) Module 2 – Core External Forces
c) Module 3 – Risk in Actuarial Problems
d) Module 4 – Actuarial Solutions
e) Module 5 – Actuarial Models
f) Module 6 – Model Selection and Solution Design
g) Module 7 – Selection of Initial Assumptions
h) Module 8 – Monitoring Results and Completing the Control Cycle

Assessments:
a) First Assessment upon completion of Modules 1 to 5
b) Final Assessment upon completion of Modules 6 to 8

4. Associate Professionalism Course (ACP) – Half day course covering professionalism, ethics and legal liabilities. Upon completion of the Preliminary Education Component, VEE, FAP and ACP, the candidate will obtain the title of Associate of the SoA (ASA).

5. To proceed from Associate to Fellow in the SoA, additional courses have to be completed:

  • Two FSA Modules in one specialty track
  • One Company/Sponsor Perspective (CSP) paper and one Design and Pricing (DP) paper from one of the following areas:
    a) Finance: Advanced Finance and ERM(CSP)/Financial Economic Theory (DP)
    b) Enterprise Risk Management (ERM): Advanced Finance and ERM (CSP)/Financial Economic Theory (DP)
    c) Investments: Advanced Portfolio Management (CSP)/Financial Economic Theory (DP)
    d) Group and Health: Group and Health CSP Exam / Group and Health DP Exam
    e) Individual Life and Annuities: Individual Life and Annuities CSP Exam / Individual Life and Annuities DP Exam
    f) Retirement Benefits: Retiremenet Benefits CSP Exam / Retirement Benefits DP Exam
    - Strategic Business Management (SBM) Module
    - Fellowship Admissions Course (FAC)

Casualty Actuarial Society (CAS) – United States

In general, CAS has a similar preliminary exam structures as SOA. Candidates are required to complete the following three VEE subjects:

  • VEE–Applied Statistical Methods
  • VEE–Corporate Finance
  • VEE–Economics

Credit for VEE can be obtained through various courses completed from colleges or other education programs. Within Malaysia, candidates can gain credit via the following Universities:

  • Universiti Malaya
  • Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Universiti Tungku Abdul Rahman
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA

For information on courses in the U.S., click here.

There are 9 exams to be taken with the first three (Exam 1, 2 and 4) being equivalent to SOA.

  • Exam 1 Probability (same as SOA Exam P)
  • Exam 2 Financial Mathematics (same as SOA Exam FM)
  • Exam 3 Statistics and Actuarial Models
  • Exam 4 Construction and Evaluation of Actuarial Models (same as SOA Exam C) (At this level, students interested in Life insurance can opt to continue with the SOA path.)
  • Exam 5 Introduction to Property and Casualty Ratemaking
  • Exam 6 Reserving, Insurance Accounting Principles, Reinsurance, and Enterprise Risk Management
  • Exam 7 Nation Specific: Annual Statement, Taxation, and Regulation (Canada and USA) Course on Professionalism – A two-day course to present candidates with real situations that contain ethical and professionalism issues for an actuary. Candidate must have finished 5 exams and VEE, or 6 exams before attending this course. Upon completion of all the above requirements, candidate will be admitted as an Associate of the Casualty Actuarial Society (ACAS).
  • Exam 8 Investments and Financial Analysis
  • Exam 9 Advanced Ratemaking, Rate of Return, and Individual Risk Rating Plans

Please follow the link provided for information on discounts for SOA and CAS Examination and Study Material Fee Discount Program.


Institute of Actuaries / Faculty of Actuaries – United Kingdom

Core Technical (CT) Stage – Comprises of eight papers and a business awareness module:

  • CT1 Financial Mathematics
  • CT2 Finance and Financial Reporting
  • CT3 Probability and Mathematical Statistics
  • CT4 Models
  • CT5 Contingencies
  • CT6 Statistical Methods
  • CT7 Economics
  • CT8 Financial Economics
  • CT9 Business Awareness Module: 2 day residential course, addresses business problems and professional responsibilities.

Core Applications (CA) Stage – Comprises of three papers and a software application module:

  • CA1 (Paper 1) Assets
  • CA1 (Paper 2) Liabilities and Asset-Liability Management
  • CA2 Modelling (Software Application)
  • CA3 Communications

Specialist Stage – Choice of two Specialist Technical (ST) papers and one Specialist Applications (SA) paper:

Each of the specialist areas below consist of one ST and one SA paper

a) Health and Care (ST1/SA1)
b) Life Insurance (ST2/SA2)
c) General Insurance (ST3/SA3)
d) Pensions and Other Benefits (ST4/SA4)
e) Finance and Investment A (ST5) / Finance (SA5)
f) Finance and Investment B (ST6) / Investment (SA6)

UK Practice Modules – A multiple choice examination testing the candidate’s knowledge in the general principles of UK Financial Services, business practices, regulation, legislation and professional guidance notes.

Work-Based Skills (WBS) – Practical experience requirement monitoring the development of the candidate in several key areas, supervised by an approved mentor.

Candidates may obtain exemptions from some of the above examinations through university courses from:

  • University of Birmingham, Birmingham
  • City University, London
  • Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London
  • University of Kent, Canterbury
  • University of Leeds, Leeds
  • London School of Economics, London
  • University of Oxford, Oxford
  • University of Southampton, Southampton
  • Swansea University, Swansea
  • University of Warwick, Coventry
  • University of York, York
  • Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland
  • Glasgow Caledonian, Glasgow, Scotland
  • University of Stirling, Scotland
  • University College Cork, Ireland
  • Dublin City University, Ireland
  • University College Dublin, Ireland
  • National University of Ireland, Ireland
  • University of Limerick, Ireland

The list above is by no means exhaustive. Please inform us of other institution recognized by IA/FA by emailing the webmaster.


Institute of Actuaries of Australia (IAA) – Australia

Part I – Identical to the CT1-CT8 of the Core Technical Stage in the Institute of Actuaries / Faculty of Actuaries – United Kingdom program. They can either be completed by sitting for examinations directly from the institute or via courses from the following universities:

  • Australia National University (ANU), Canberra
  • Macquarie University, Sydney
  • University of Melbourne, Melbourne
  • University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney

Part II: The Actuarial Control Cycle – This part comprises of two papers. They can only be completed through courses from the abovementioned universities. Upon completion of Part I and Part II, the candidate will gain the status of Associate of the IAAust (AIAAust).

Part III – Four papers which have to be taken directly from the institute:

  • Module 1 – Investments (Compulsory)
  • Modules 2 and 3 – Choice of:
    a) Life Insurance (Parts A and B)
    b) General Insurance (Parts A & B)
    c) Superannuation and Planned Savings (Parts A & B)
    d) Investment Management and Finance (Parts A & B)
  • Module 4 – Commercial Actuarial Practice (Compulsory)

Professionalism Course – Two-day residential course, highlighting the obligations, risks and legal responsibilities of being a member of the IAAust. Practical Experience & Mentor Program – To fulfil the one-year practical experience requirement under the supervision of an approved mentor.